CoQ10 Benefits for Fertility: Do Supplements Help?

Fertility challenges can be physically and emotionally overwhelming. Whether you’re exploring IVF, IUI, or trying to conceive without treatment, it’s normal to wonder “what else can I do?”. In recent years, supplements have gained popularity amongst patients trying to conceive. One particular supplement, CoQ10, has gotten a lot of airtime.

However, for those navigating infertility, determining whether or not they stand to benefit from any of these supplements can be especially daunting. 

So, can CoQ10 supplements improve your chances of success with fertility treatments? Let us break it down for you. 

What is CoQ10?

CoQ10, or coenzyme Q10, is a coenzyme that helps key mitochondrial enzymes produce cellular energy. While CoQ10 occurs naturally in every cell in the body, its role is especially important for egg and sperm development, and fertility.

CoQ10 serves as an antioxidant and is especially abundant in cells with high metabolic demands, like eggs and sperm. Antioxidants protect cells by counteracting free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can build up and harm DNA, potentially causing cell damage or cell death. 

As we age, the natural levels of CoQ10 in our body decline, which may lead to reduced cellular efficiency and increased oxidative stress, particularly in reproductive tissues. Luckily, CoQ10 is found in many foods (think fatty fish, organ meats, red meat and poultry, nuts and seeds) but for those looking for even more, CoQ10 supplements are a great option to ensure our bodies are getting what they need. 

How does CoQ10 work for fertility?

CoQ10 supports fertility primarily by improving how egg and sperm cells produce and protect energy. This is especially important for egg cells which are among the most energy-demanding cells in the body!

Inside every egg are hundreds of thousands of mitochondria, the structures responsible for generating cellular energy. CoQ10 works alongside mitochondrial enzymes to help create ATP (the molecule that powers critical processes such as egg maturation), assist with chromosome separation, and aid in early embryo development.

The natural decline in CoQ10 levels as women age results in an energy deficit that is thought to contribute to problems seen with ovarian aging, including poorer egg quality and higher rates of chromosomal abnormalities.

Unlike most cells, eggs do not regenerate over time. The mitochondria within them age along with the individual. Supporting mitochondrial function is therefore a major focus of modern fertility research, which is why CoQ10 is commonly recommended by fertility specialists as part of reproductive health. So who should take CoQ10? Let’s explore. 

CoQ10 and egg quality

While no supplement can reverse ovarian aging or guarantee pregnancy, several studies suggest that CoQ10 may improve certain biological markers associated with reproductive success.

A 2020 systematic review and meta analysis found that oral CoQ10 supplementation may increase clinical pregnancy rates in women with infertility undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), compared with placebo. A 2018 randomized controlled trial found that CoQ10 pretreatment improved ovarian response, higher fertilization rates, and better quality embryos during IVF (in vitro fertilization) in young women with poor ovarian reserve and low egg quality.

Although more large-scale human studies are needed, the early evidence shows promise that CoQ10 benefits for fertility may translate into improved IVF outcomes, particularly in patients over age 35

CoQ10 and male fertility 

Fertility isn’t only about egg quality. Male fertility is often affected by low sperm motility, count, and poor morphology—all of which are linked to oxidative stress.

CoQ10’s antioxidant power appears to combat these challenges. A study in the Journal of Andrology demonstrated that daily supplementation of 200–300 mg of CoQ10 significantly improved sperm motility and overall sperm health.

Another study published in The Journal of Urology found that CoQ10 therapy led to a marked improvement in both sperm density and motility, making it a potential ally for couples experiencing male factor infertility.

My doctor recommended CoQ10, now what?

Many fertility specialists now recommend CoQ10 for fertility support, particularly for individuals over 35 or those with a low ovarian reserve. CoQ10 is well-tolerated, with minimal side effects, and is often taken alongside a prenatal vitamin or fertility supplement regimen.

Common dosage guidelines include:

• Women: 600 mg daily (split into two or three doses)

• Men: 200–300 mg daily

CoQ10 is available in two forms, Ubiquinone and Ubiquinol. Ubiquinol is more bioavailable and may be absorbed more efficiently by the body. When choosing a CoQ10 supplement, look for a product that contains Ubiquinol and one that has been thoroughly tested by the appropriate authorities. 

CoQ10 is best absorbed when taken with a fat-containing meal, like eggs, avocado, or salmon. It’s more effective when the total daily dose is split into two or three smaller doses (200mg twice daily) rather than taken all at once. Avoid taking it with any high-fiber supplements in order to maximize uptake. Importantly, folliculogenesis takes at least 8-12 weeks, so the impact of CoQ10 supplementation will not be seen overnight!

Should you take CoQ10?

As research continues to explore CoQ10’s potential, the evidence so far supports its use as a safe and promising supplement for improving both egg and sperm health. For couples navigating fertility treatments or preparing for IVF, adding CoQ10 to your regimen may help enhance outcomes, especially when age or oxidative stress are concerns.

While CoQ10 is considered safe, mild side effects include nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, headaches and loss of appetite. Side effects can be minimized by decreasing your dose, splitting doses, and/or taking doses with food. And similar to all medications,  always consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new supplements to ensure it is safe and effective for your individual clinical scenario.

At Atlantic Fertility, we stay at the forefront of integrative fertility solutions, helping you explore all options, including evidence-based supplementation. If you’re considering CoQ10 for fertility, reach out to our team to learn more and create a plan that’s right for you.

FAQs about CoQ10 supplements and fertility 

Is CoQ10 safe to take during IVF?

Yes, CoQ10 is generally safe and often recommended by fertility specialists to support the quality of eggs during IVF cycles.

How long should I take CoQ10 before starting fertility treatment?

It’s ideal to begin supplementation at least 2–3 months prior to starting IVF or other fertility treatments to allow time for cellular improvements.

Can CoQ10 help with male infertility, too?

Yes! CoQ10 has been shown to improve sperm count, motility, and morphology—key factors in male fertility.

Are there any side effects of CoQ10 supplements?

CoQ10 is well-tolerated. Rare side effects may include mild digestive upset, especially if taken on an empty stomach.

Ubiquinone vs Ubiquinol: what’s the difference?

Ubiquinone is the oxidized form of CoQ10, while ubiquinol is the active, reduced form that the body uses for antioxidant activity and energy production. Most people can convert ubiquinone into ubiquinol efficiently, but ubiquinol may be better absorbed.

What is the recommended dose of CoQ10, and how should I take it?

Most fertility studies use 600 mg daily, typically divided into two or three doses and taken with meals that contain fat to improve absorption. Splitting the dose helps maintain steady levels and may reduce stomach upset.